The Science of ACL Injuries
The ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) is crucial for knee stability, preventing the tibia from sliding forward. Tears usually occur during cutting, pivoting, or landing movements. The ligament has poor blood supply, limiting natural healing capacity. After injury, the knee loses rotational stability, leading to episodes of giving way and potential damage to other structures like the meniscus and cartilage. ACL injuries significantly increase the long-term risk of developing knee osteoarthritis, even with successful surgical reconstruction. Concurrent injuries such as meniscus tears or MCL/LCL sprains are common and require comprehensive management alongside ACL rehabilitation.