The Science of Sciatica

Sciatica describes pain along the sciatic nerve path, usually from compression or irritation at the spine level. The nerve can be affected by disc material, bone spurs, or tight muscles along its path. Similar to general low back pain, sciatica often involves disc dysfunction, but with the added complexity of nerve root compression or irritation. When the nerve is irritated, it can cause pain, numbness, or weakness anywhere along its path from the back to the foot. The location and type of symptoms help identify where the problem originates. In some cases, sciatica may occur alongside degenerative disc disease or spinal stenosis, requiring careful assessment to address all contributing factors.